The two main indications for this examination are infertility and recurrent abortion. Watertight cannulation of the cervix is performed and aqueous contrast medium is injected to outline the uterus and uterine tubes. Some authorities use oil-based contrast, but granuloma formation and a flare-up of any pelvic infection may result. The narrowest point of the Fallopian or uterine tube is at the entrance to the uterine cavity. The widest point is at the abdominal end, the infundibulum, before it opens into the peritoneal cavity.
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